Gastritis is the inflammation of the stomach lining. It can be caused by various reasons, such as bacterial infections (like Helicobacter pylori), excessive alcohol consumption, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), stress, and certain autoimmune disorders.

The most common symptoms of gastritis include abdominal pain or discomfort, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, a feeling of fullness after eating, and in some cases, gastrointestinal bleeding. However, some people may not exhibit obvious symptoms.

Gastritis is diagnosed through a combination of medical history, physical examination, and specific tests. This may include blood tests, breath tests to detect H. pylori, endoscopy (to directly observe the stomach lining), and biopsies if necessary.

Treatment for gastritis depends on the underlying cause. It may include dietary changes, medications to reduce stomach acid, antibiotics if H. pylori is detected, and avoiding irritants like alcohol and certain medications. In chronic cases, ongoing follow-up may be necessary to prevent complications.